Yini okufanele ukwenza ukuhlola phakathi kwamaphrinti esilinganisa namaphrinti esilungiselela kabanzi?

I-architecture Eshintsha Konke

Ungafika kuwo wonke umgodi wokuprodukha osebenzisa izinkampani zokuchaza okugcina, futhi umbuzo wokuqala owatholakala ngokwesibonelo lomkhakha wokushaya isithunzi kuyisibonelo esifanele: ukuchaza okugcina ngokwehluleka noma ukuchaza okugcina ngamaphuzu amabili? Indlela yokuphendula ayikwazi ukubaluleka, ngoba ukukhetha kuyaphinda kude kusuka kumkhakha wokuchaza ngokwehluleka kusuka kumkhakha wokuprodukha, ukuthi kuyathola kanjani, ukuthi kuyathola kanjani, ukuthi kuyathola kanjani, nokuthi kuyathola kanjani.

Ukuchazwa kwemikhono kuyisibonelo esikhulu. Amaphrinta amaninzi okuphinda (ama-scanning-head inkjet noma amakhompyutha asewide-format asezinga elidala) ayihambisa amaphrinta ngokuhamba kusuka kuma-ndawo emibili kusuka kuma-substrate, futhi abuyisa umfanekiso ngokuhamba kusuka kuma-layer. Amaphrinta angu-1 okuphinda ayisebenzisa isiqondiso sesikhombisa esingaphansi kwezinye zika-ndawo, sibuyisa umfanekiso wonke ngokuhamba kusuka kuma-motion esifanayo njengoba umfanekiso uyihambisa ngaphansi kwayo.

Kodwa lokhu ukuchazwa kwemikhono kuyikubona kwezinye izinto zokusebenza. Ukujabula lezi zinto kuyisibonelo phakathi kokuthenga isikhombisa esiyifana nokuthenga isikhombisa esisiza kwezinye izinkambo ezisiza kwezinye izinkambo.

Ukuthatha kwezinkambo: Izinombolo Ezizokufuna

Ukushaya kuyisibonelo esikhulu kakhulu. Isikhombisa sokugcina-1 singasebenza ngama-100 kuya kuma-300 amitha e-line ngamunye weminithi, ngokuchaza kwezinhlobo nezinhlobo zama-substrate . Amaphrinta amaninzi okuphinda amascan, ngokulingana, ayihlala kumathuba amaningi kuma-mitha e-line ngamunye weminithi uma kubhekwa ngokulingana nokuthinta kwezinhlobo zokuphrinta.

Kodwa isisikhalo sokukhanya kuphela kuyisibalo esinye. Ukuthenga—kunye nombala wamaphakathi okugciniwe, okusebenzisa ngamuhla—kufundwa kakhulu kunezikhathi zokuphrinta zokugcina. Amaphrinta amanquma amanquma ayadinga amaqhina amanquma ukufinyelela ukuthi inkhawu yamakhanda ne-inkhawu yomthwalo wamabili, ikakhulu emasubstrates amakhulu. Isimo se-"four-pass" emashini enquma amanquma sisebenza ngokuphansi kwesiqhelo sesine kwezikhathi zokuphrinta zokugcina. Amaphrinta esingaphrinti asendleleni asenzi inkhawu yamakhanda yonke ngokuphela ngokuphela ngoba isihlangu se-head sifana nesikhathi esifana nesikhathi sokuthi inkhawu yamakhanda yonke iphrintwe ngokuphela.

Umsebenzi wokuphakamisa okusebenzisa i-10 million units ngomnyaka uzoba nezindlela ezinye zokusebenza kunomsebenzi owesibhakabhaka i-500,000 units. Ukukhula kwezinkambo zokuphakamisa ngokugcina izinkambo zokuthenga ngokukhulu, kodwa kuphela uma kukhona ukukhulu okufanele ukuthengiselwa kwesikhundla sokuthenga.

Ukuhambisana Kwemisebenzi Nokuphendula Kwezinsuku Zokuphela

Amaphrinta amanqamuka ayinika isibonelo esikhulu sokuhambisana kwemisebenzi. Ngoba amaphrinta ayihamba ngaphandle kokuthi isithuthi sifuneka ukuba sibe yisikhundla esisodwa, amaphrinta amanqamuka ayinika isibonelo esikhulu sokuhambisana kwesithuthi sokuthi sibe yisikhundla esisodwa, futhi ayinika isibonelo esikhulu sokuhambisana kwesithuthi sokuthi sibe yisikhundla esisodwa. Umaphrinta othile ongasebenza ngokuthi uhlambe lwezinkambo ezingaphansi ngomnentu, futhi ungasebenza ngokuthi uhlambe lwezinkambo ezingaphansi ngomnentu.

Amaphrinti esingathwaliweyo ayisikhiwe kubude. I-Printhead array ibuyela kubude obuvela kuqoqo, futhi nakuba amasistimu amaningi abona ukuthi kungakwazi ukuguqula ubude lwesikhombisa, ukuguqula kubude obuhlungu kwezinto ezihlukene akuyi imisebenzi emhlanhla. Lokhu kwenza amaphrinti esingathwaliweyo isifiso sokusebenzisa kumalungu apho ubude nobude lwesikhombisa siyafanana futhi inombolo yazo iphezulu.

Kodwa kukhona indima eyodwa yokuflexibility—ukwazi ukuguqula lokho okuphrintiwe. Lapha, amaphrinti esingathwaliweyo asiza ngokuphelele. Ngaphandle kokubeka amaphlate, amashini, nokuthenga izinkambo zokusebenza, ukuguqula kwesithombe kusenza ngokusha kwedatha. Amaphrinti amaningi okuthatha amadatha adijithali ayisiza kakhulu ekusizeni kwalokho, kodwa amasistimu okuskena kuyasebenza ngokusha kwezindawo zokusebenza futhi kuyadinga ukuzilungisa phakathi kwamajobi.

Izindlela zokusebenza ngokushesha zizobonisa indaba eyodwa. I-printer enye yokuhamba ingasebenza ngokunakekile kubani abaliliwe 500 ngoba akukho inzuzo yokuguqula isimo. I-printer enye yokuhamba kanye nezinye izihambisa kungadinga abaliliwe 5,000 ukubuyisela isikhathi sokuvulwa. Kuma-manufacturers okuthengisa amasiko angena ngokuphelele emithambo yezinto ezihlukene, lokhu ukuthintana kungayikwenzela ukuthi kwenziwe isiphetho.

Ukuchaza Kwesithunzi: Ukulinganisa Ngokwezinkundla Nokulinganisa Ngokwezinkundla

Ukuzwa kwezindaba zilungile kuthi i-printers ezihambisa kanye nezinye ziyafika ekuphakanyiseni ukulinganisa ngokwezinkundla ngoba ngalokhu ngalokhu kungena izinto eziyinhloko futhi izihambisa ezihlukene ziyagcina izinto ezihlukene zokugcina izinto ezihlukene. Kuyikweli lokhu—izinhlobo zezihambisa ezihlukene zingakhelwa ukuthola ubukhulu bezithunzi, ikakhulu kumaphakathi awusizi noma ngamakhemikhali okuhambisa okuhambisa.

Kodwa, isitshalo se-printer esihambisa ngokweyokugcina sibuyekezele isibindi. Izinhlobo zezihambisa ngokweyokugcina zinamandla okufaka ukulinganisa ngokwezinkundla okuqondile kwe-600 ku-1200 dpi ngezindlela zokufaka izinqamuzi ngokucacile futhi ngezindlela zokufaka izinqamuzi zokufaka izinqamuzi zokufaka izinqamuzi zokufaka izinqamuzi isivinini sesikhundla esisodwa sibuyisa izinkinga zokubhalwa kwezinhloso ezingafanele kusistimu yemiphakathi eminingi lapho isikrini sibuyela emuva noma lapho ukudlula kwesikhundla akufanele kubalulekile.

Ukuhlanganisa okwamanje kwe-single pass kukhona kungumphumela wokuphepha. Konke okubhalwe kufana ngokuphepha ngoba isimo sokubhala kusodwa futhi isikhundla sida ngokuphepha. Isistimu yemiphakathi yingatholakala kuzo izinkinga eziningi zokuguqula ispeed yosikrini, inkhulu yamakhanda phakathi kwemiphakathi, noma izinkinga zokulandela kwenhlalo ngeminye iminyaka yokubhala.

Kukho izindlela zokusebenza lapho ukubonakaliswa kwamabili ne-ukubonakaliswa kwesibizo kuyisisekelo—ukubhala kwezinkotho zezimpilo, amalabeli wezimpilo, nezinkotho zezindlu zokudla zokuphepha—single pass ibhala ngokuphepha okungafanele kusistimu yemiphakathi ngeminye iminyaka yokubhala.

Isimo Sokuthenga: Ngaphambi Kwesikhundla Nasezinsizini

Umbono wokufa kwemali ngumqondo owenza ukwahluka kubalulekile. Amaphrinti okugcina isikhathi esinye asikhiyela amaphrintihedi amaningi—kodwa kusukela kwezindlingo zonke ezinkulu—ukuthi abalindele ubude oluphelele. Ngisho noma yiliphi i-head, iyisiphumo sokusebenza kahle, kodwa ngakho ke imishini inegadhlawo eliphelele. Amaphrinti okugcina isikhathi esibili asikhiyela amaphrintihedi amancane ngoba umkhumbi uya phambili kubude, ukubalinele indawo ngokwesikhathi, akasibali ngokuphela ngokusha.

Kodwa igadhlawo eliphelele eliphezulu akasibali yilokho okubalulekile kakhulu ngokuphelele. Amathuba okusebenza ayithola umbono othile. Amaphrinti okugcina isikhathi esinye aqeda izixhobo ngokusheshayo, okuthetha ukuthi igadhlawo lokusebenza ngomunye umuntu luncane futhi ukuthi ukuthwala amandla kubhokisi yezimetro ezingama-1 ziyagcina luncane. Amasistimu okuhlanza kwe-UV kwezinhloso zokugcina isikhathi esinye ziyasebenza kahle kakhulu ngoba ukubonwa kuyahlukene ngokuphela ngokusha, akasibali ngokuphela ngokusha.

Umuprinter wemithi ema-Portugal wahlanya izindlela zombili zokusebenza kwezinhlangano ezintsha. Isistimu yekhodi yomkhakha yakhulula ngamashumi amabili namathathu, kodwa ukuthengiswa kwakho kubizwa ngamashumi amabili nesikhombisa 62% ngaphansi kokuthengiswa kwendlela yezinkhomba. Indlela yokubuyela ekhaya yasendleleni yamashumi amabili nesikhombisa 1.2 ngonyaka—ngaphansi kokuthengiswa kwakho kwenyaka. Bayithenga isistimu yekhodi yomkhakha.

Ukuchaza okuthi isistimu yekhodi yomkhakha isebenza kuphela uma iprinter isebenza ngokuphelele. Ukungasebenzi kubizwa ngokukhulu ngoba umthwalo wokuthengiswa uyasebenza kumkhakha omkhulu. Iziprinter zezinkhomba, nezithengiswa ngokukhulu, zingasebenza ngokungasebenzi ngokukhulu. Kumaqondiso owenziwa ngokungafanele kanye nokuziphatha kwezinyanga, indlela yezinkhomba ingaba yindlela eyinkulu yokuthengiswa.

Ukuphatha kanye nokuthuthukisa kwabantu abasebenzisa

Amaphrinta esihlanu-sikhathi asinamandla okukhathalela kusukela: uma iphrintihehedi isifela, kuphela leyo yena iyakwakhiwa kabusha, futhi iphrinta inokuzimela—kodwa ngokubeka ubukhulu obuncane—ngalokho ukuthi ikhathalela kwezinye izinhlelo. Izinhlelo zokuphrinta esihlanu-sikhathi zingabonakala ngokufana. Uma iphrintihehedi isifela kumkhawuli wokugcina, kuyakwakha isibande esibonakala kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokuphrinta, futhi ukukhathalela kuyadinga ukuthunywa kahle kwemikhawuli yokugcina.

Kodwa, izinhlelo zokuphrinta esihlanu-sikhathi zinamaparts amancane okuhamba ngokuphakeme. Umkhawuli wokuphrinta uphakeme; umoya wokuhamba kuphela uyisithembiso sokugcina. Amaphrinta esihlanu-sikhathi anamakhariji ayihamba ngokuphakeme, okuvumela amakhabelo, amabhiringi, nezimoto ziyakhiphisa ngokuphakeme. Ngokwesikhathi eside sokuproduka, umkhawulo wokukhathalela kwezinhlelo zokuphrinta esihlanu-sikhathi ungakwazi ukuba nempilo enkulu.

Izinkinga zokufundisa abasebenzi zihlukene futhi. Amaphrinta esihlanu-sikhathi, ngokuthi umkhawuli wawo uphakeme nokusebenza ngokusebenzisa isoftware, zingafundiselwa ngokomlando kubasebenzi. umsebenzi wasebenza ngokufanana—faka isubstrate, khetha umsebenzi, qala ukuprodukha. Amasistimu okuphinda okuphinda kuyadinga ukwazi kweminyaka yezilingo zokuphinda, ukuzenzela kwezinyathelo zokuhamba kwe-carriage, nokusebenzisa izindlela zokukhulula ukubanda. Abasebenzi abanempilo bakholela ubukhulu obungaphezulu kwezinhlelo zokuphinda okuphinda, kodwa le mpilo iyadinga isikhathi sokwakha.

Indawo eSewuthu ekhombisa amasistimu amabili ayasho ukuthi abasebenzi abatsha bafika emsebenzini wabo ngokuphelele ngeminyaka yamashumi manje eminyaka yamashumi kabili kwezinhlelo zokuphinda okuphinda. Ukunciphisa ukufundisa kubuyisela ukunciphisa izindlela zokusebenza nokwenza izinto eziningi zokugcina ubukhulu ngokuphinda kwezinyathelo zokususa.

Isimo Sokuziphatha

Ukukhetha phakathi kwezinhlelo zokuphinda okuphinda nezinhlelo zokuphinda okuphinda kuyaphendula amabizo amathathu:

1. Yini ingxenye yokuqeda ngumnyaka? Kunye noma ngaphezu kwezimilioni ezingu-1 zokuphinda okuphinda kanye nezinye izinkomba zokuphinda okuphinda, izindlela zokusebenza zokuphinda okuphinda ziyabegina ukuba zingavumelekile. Ngaphansi kwalesi simo, izinhlelo zokuphinda okuphinda zingaba yizindlela ezinconywa kakhulu ngokwesibalo sokuphinda okuphinda.

2. Izinhlelo zokusebenza zizigcina njani? Ukuba izilungiselelo zihamba ngeminye iminyaka ngomshini, ukuswitcha umsebenzi ngokusha kwezinye igama ngu-advantage enkulu. Uma izilungiselelo zihamba ngeminye iminyaka futhi zingaphansi kwezinye, ukusala kwesilungiselelo akuyi-impact enkulu.

3. Ubukhulu bezingxenye zokusebenza kubani? Izinguquko eziphathelene nezindawo ziyafavor single pass. Ukuguqula kakhulu kwezindawo, iformi, noma ubude bewayisi bayafavor multi-pass.

Akukho impendulo eyodwa eyisikweli. Umkhondo onamandla uyaphendula kumkhondo wokuproducwa okufanayo, futhi ukugcinwa kufanele kwenziwe ngokuzinikezela kahle kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zethu kanye nezinhlelo zokuphatswa kumaqanda. Abanye amasebenzi ayisebenzisa ababili—multi-pass ukusiza kwezinye izilungiselelo nezilungiselelo ezincinci, futhi single pass ukuproducwa kwezilungiselelo ezinkulu.

Ibhizinisi yezilungiselelo emanzini e-UK yenzela le ndlela yokuhlangana. Bayagcina imishini yabo ye-multi-pass ukusiza kwezinye izilungiselelo nezindlela zokuphatha izinto ezintsha, bese bayathumela izilungiselelo ezithunywa kanye nezilungiselelo ezinkulu kumishini yabo ye-single pass. Le kombinasi yayibeka phakathi kwabantu ukuthi bafanele ngokwesikhundla kodwa akaboni isivumelwano sokuthenga kwezilungiselelo ezinkulu.

Ukugqibela kwezinyathelo esinga noma ezimbili akuyiyo ukuthi iphi indawo yezinyathelo iyisilinganiso. Kuyiyo ukuthi iphi indawo yezinyathelo ibonakala kubona okwenziwa ngokwesikhathi sokusebenza kwisikhundla sesayensi esithile. Ukuzilungiselela okuhle kukho ukuthi kubonakala kubona isivinini, isigaba, nokuthi yini okwenziwa ekuseni lokuphatha.

NOVA inikezela izinkambo zezinyathelo esinga noma ezimbili kuzo zonke izinkambo zayo, kuvumela abalobi ukuthi bakhethwe indawo yezinyathelo okufanele kubona okwenziwa ngokwesikhathi sokusebenza kwabo, kungekho ukuthi bakhethwe indawo eyodwa yokukhanya.